The images on this page can be explored to identify colleagues who are connected in the American Sāmoa network. The first map, colored by region, can be used to identify American Samoan professionals who are well connected in the local network and/or internationally. International professionals using this map could also search by their own country’s color for current collaborators who are connected in American Sāmoa. The second map, colored by profession, allows for a somewhat more targeted search for colleagues in certain fields. Professionals can use this map to identify current or potential collaborators, and their interdisciplinary colleagues, whose professions include work with various sectors that overlap with climate change.
For example, to find potential collaborators in American Sāmoa who work on climate and agriculture:
Follow the link to the high resolution map–Participants by Profession–and download the Original high resolution size (may take a while to load)
Zoom in on the light green areas (Agriculture)
Find the agriculture contacts with the greatest centrality
Search their connections to find colleagues you have in common
This map centers on American Sāmoa. The 304 members of this map are based in American Sāmoa or are connected to at least one person in American Sāmoa, as reported in the Pacific RISA Network Analysis project. This map uses a layout algorithm called Force Atlas 2, available in the Gephi Network Analysis software. This layout algorithm automatically spreads the participants into patterns or clusters. This map colors participants according to their country or region. The size of the circle indicates Eigenvector Centrality (see below for definition).
What can we learn from it?
From this map, we can see the “American Sāmoa cluster” that was apparent in the Full Network maps. The American Sāmoa network as reported in the Pacific RISA Network Analysis project has one large, densely interconnected knot (toward the left of the map) and another more sparsely connected knot (toward the right), as well as an international cluster connected through Tagaloa Cooper (at the top). While all three of these areas show many international connections, the international professionals on the right side of the map tend to connect to only a few of the American Samoan professionals (e.g., Abe Utu Malae, Tepa Suaesi, and Christianera Tuitele), whereas the international professionals on the left side have more connections within the dense cluster of American Samoan professionals. In total, the 54 American Samoan professionals who participated in the survey or were listed by their colleagues have noted connections to 250 professionals from other countries.
This map is composed of the exact same people, connections, layout algorithm, and centrality as the map above. This map colors participants according to their profession.
It is important to note that most of the climate change professionals in our region wear multiple hats—e.g., their position makes them educators AND scientists AND conservationists, or they practice multiple scientific disciplines at their job, or they have multiple jobs. Therefore, job titles and color coding do not necessarily represent the full scope of that person’s position, and should be used as a guideline only.
What can we learn from it?
Despite the limitations of the professional coding, it is quickly apparently that there are strong ties across professions within the American Sāmoa network. There are no isolated clusters from any field; the dense knot and sparser knots apparent in the map are all very interdisciplinary in nature. Nevertheless, there are a few emerging clusters of individuals within the same field (note, e.g., Climate Science and Meteorology-bright red; and Marine Biology-medium blue), but each of these clusters are nested and well connected with the rest of the network. There are many potential entries for further developing cross-sectoral collaborations in American Sāmoa.
Who are the most central people on these maps?
Centrality can be measured in different ways; each measure means something different. The following table lists the ten “most central” people in the American Sāmoa network, according to different measures of centrality. See below for definitions.
Why are some of these numbers different than those for the Full Network Map?
Some measures of centrality are relational and therefore change as the size and shape of the map change. For example, closeness centrality is calculated according to the distance across the network. Therefore, a person with the same connections in a large or small graph will have a different closeness centrality accordingly.
Degree centrality is the number of people you have listed connections to in this region. It is measured from 0 (no connections) to the network population minus one.
Eigenvector centrality looks at a person’s position within the network, basically measuring each person’s centrality according to the centrality of their connections. It is measured from 0 to 1 (highest eigenvector centrality in the network).
Closeness centrality is the inverse of farness, which is the sum of how many hops one must make to connect to all others in the network.
Betweenness centrality considers how many shortest paths between pairs of people across the network pass through a given person. Oftentimes, there are multiple shortest paths between a pair, so betweenness centrality calculates the fraction of these shortest paths that go through the target person, and then adds all of the fractions from all possible pairs.
Triads are formed when two people you are connected to are also connected to each other. Triads show interconnected relationships within communities.
Who are the most peripheral people on these maps?
100 of the 304 people on these maps are connected to only one person. Are these people unimportant? Do they really only work with one person in American Sāmoa? The answer to these questions is a resounding no! Not everyone who is listed on these maps participated in the survey. These climate change professionals are important enough to the network that our survey participants took the time to think of them and list their names as important contacts regarding climate change, weather, and the environment. They come from all different fields and from all over the Pacific and world. They are likely connected with others in American Sāmoa, and it is our hope that future studies can further capture their participation and connections.
Confidentiality
If you zoom in on the high resolution images above, you may find that many people are listed by sector only, and not by their names. These people could not be contacted or did not give their permission for their names to appear, and so we are respecting their privacy.
Resilient and sustainable Pacific Island communities using climate information to manage risks and support practical decision-making about climate variability and change.
American Sāmoa Network
The images on this page can be explored to identify colleagues who are connected in the American Sāmoa network. The first map, colored by region, can be used to identify American Samoan professionals who are well connected in the local network and/or internationally. International professionals using this map could also search by their own country’s color for current collaborators who are connected in American Sāmoa. The second map, colored by profession, allows for a somewhat more targeted search for colleagues in certain fields. Professionals can use this map to identify current or potential collaborators, and their interdisciplinary colleagues, whose professions include work with various sectors that overlap with climate change.
For example, to find potential collaborators in American Sāmoa who work on climate and agriculture:
American Sāmoa Map 1: Participants by Country
CLICK HERE for High Resolution map image. Download the “Original (10024 x 10024)” size.
What is this map?
This map centers on American Sāmoa. The 304 members of this map are based in American Sāmoa or are connected to at least one person in American Sāmoa, as reported in the Pacific RISA Network Analysis project. This map uses a layout algorithm called Force Atlas 2, available in the Gephi Network Analysis software. This layout algorithm automatically spreads the participants into patterns or clusters. This map colors participants according to their country or region. The size of the circle indicates Eigenvector Centrality (see below for definition).
What can we learn from it?
From this map, we can see the “American Sāmoa cluster” that was apparent in the Full Network maps. The American Sāmoa network as reported in the Pacific RISA Network Analysis project has one large, densely interconnected knot (toward the left of the map) and another more sparsely connected knot (toward the right), as well as an international cluster connected through Tagaloa Cooper (at the top). While all three of these areas show many international connections, the international professionals on the right side of the map tend to connect to only a few of the American Samoan professionals (e.g., Abe Utu Malae, Tepa Suaesi, and Christianera Tuitele), whereas the international professionals on the left side have more connections within the dense cluster of American Samoan professionals. In total, the 54 American Samoan professionals who participated in the survey or were listed by their colleagues have noted connections to 250 professionals from other countries.
American Sāmoa Map 2: Participants by Profession
CLICK HERE for High Resolution map image. Download the “Original (10024 x 10024)” size.
What is this map?
This map is composed of the exact same people, connections, layout algorithm, and centrality as the map above. This map colors participants according to their profession.
It is important to note that most of the climate change professionals in our region wear multiple hats—e.g., their position makes them educators AND scientists AND conservationists, or they practice multiple scientific disciplines at their job, or they have multiple jobs. Therefore, job titles and color coding do not necessarily represent the full scope of that person’s position, and should be used as a guideline only.
What can we learn from it?
Despite the limitations of the professional coding, it is quickly apparently that there are strong ties across professions within the American Sāmoa network. There are no isolated clusters from any field; the dense knot and sparser knots apparent in the map are all very interdisciplinary in nature. Nevertheless, there are a few emerging clusters of individuals within the same field (note, e.g., Climate Science and Meteorology-bright red; and Marine Biology-medium blue), but each of these clusters are nested and well connected with the rest of the network. There are many potential entries for further developing cross-sectoral collaborations in American Sāmoa.
Who are the most central people on these maps?
Centrality can be measured in different ways; each measure means something different. The following table lists the ten “most central” people in the American Sāmoa network, according to different measures of centrality. See below for definitions.
Why are some of these numbers different than those for the Full Network Map?
Some measures of centrality are relational and therefore change as the size and shape of the map change. For example, closeness centrality is calculated according to the distance across the network. Therefore, a person with the same connections in a large or small graph will have a different closeness centrality accordingly.
Degree centrality is the number of people you have listed connections to in this region. It is measured from 0 (no connections) to the network population minus one.
Eigenvector centrality looks at a person’s position within the network, basically measuring each person’s centrality according to the centrality of their connections. It is measured from 0 to 1 (highest eigenvector centrality in the network).
Closeness centrality is the inverse of farness, which is the sum of how many hops one must make to connect to all others in the network.
Betweenness centrality considers how many shortest paths between pairs of people across the network pass through a given person. Oftentimes, there are multiple shortest paths between a pair, so betweenness centrality calculates the fraction of these shortest paths that go through the target person, and then adds all of the fractions from all possible pairs.
Triads are formed when two people you are connected to are also connected to each other. Triads show interconnected relationships within communities.
Who are the most peripheral people on these maps?
100 of the 304 people on these maps are connected to only one person. Are these people unimportant? Do they really only work with one person in American Sāmoa? The answer to these questions is a resounding no! Not everyone who is listed on these maps participated in the survey. These climate change professionals are important enough to the network that our survey participants took the time to think of them and list their names as important contacts regarding climate change, weather, and the environment. They come from all different fields and from all over the Pacific and world. They are likely connected with others in American Sāmoa, and it is our hope that future studies can further capture their participation and connections.
Confidentiality
If you zoom in on the high resolution images above, you may find that many people are listed by sector only, and not by their names. These people could not be contacted or did not give their permission for their names to appear, and so we are respecting their privacy.
Our Vision
Resilient and sustainable Pacific Island communities using climate information to manage risks and support practical decision-making about climate variability and change.
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